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An Excerpt from Margaret D. Bauer's MELUS
Paper
"Sula: More Sinned Against
Than Sinning"
Readers of Dorothy Allison's Bastard
Out of Carolina are shocked and appalled by the protagonist's mother's
betrayal of her daughter when she leaves with her husband, knowing that
he sexually and physically abused her daughter. Readers generally
consider her reprehensible for choosing
her husband over her daughter
in this case. The audience of Tennessee Williams's Streetcar Named
Desire, however, is much more understanding of Stella's decision to
believe Stanley rather than Blanche. Stanley is her husband, Blanche
merely her sister. Even as we don't approve of Stella's choice to
remain with Stanley, our disapproval is more out of concern for her well-being,
staying with a man whom we know to be a rapist, than for Blanche's: we
are worried about, not angry with Stella for her choice. Perhaps
this is in part because the self-involved, deceptive and manipulative Blanche
is not so appealing, but I would argue, too, that viewers' sympathy for
Stella's decision has as much to do with our culture's value of the marriage
relationship over any platonic relationship other than one's relationship
with one's children.
In the novel at hand, Toni Morrison
has Sula break the generally accepted amendment to the commandment thou
shalt not commit adultery: in particular, thou shalt not sleep with thy
best friend's husband or lover. And she develops Sula into a not-so likable
character, making it easy for her reader to condemn this woman for
betraying her friend. But Morrison, typically for her, is setting
us up. This novel is no All about Eve. In that movie,
we observe the machinations of the duplicitous and
manipulative Anne Baxter character
(Eve) as she uses the Bette Davis character (Margo) to worm her way
into the theatre and then not only usurps Margo's role in the theatre but
also tries to steal her husband and destroy her reputation. There
is no question of what we are supposed to think about Eve's self-centered,
back-stabbing ambition--and no problem sympathizing with Margo, who cannot
imagine that a woman whom she has helped and whom she considers a friend
would betray her. In stark contrast, Morrison's Sula did not set
out to hurt or take anything from her friend; and in further contrast,
Morrison's Nel never even gave Sula the benefit of the doubt, did not for
years, in fact ask her why she did it. And when Nel finally does
ask, Morrison hits the reader with Sula's responding questions: "If
we were such good friends, how come you couldn't get over it?" (145) and
"How you know . . . [a]bout who was good?" (146). While it
appears to Nel that Sula has chosen an afternoon's pleasure with Nel's
husband over her friendship with Nel, actually it is Nel who chooses
Jude over Sula: apparently out of loyalty to her marriage to this
philandering man she cuts off her friendship with Sula, and she maintains
the estrangement from Sula even after Jude is long gone.
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Copyright © 2001 by Margaret D. Bauer. All
rights reserved.
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