Cape Fear’s Forgotten Fleet:
The Eagles Island Ships’ Graveyard, Wilmington, North Carolina

Sami Kay Seeb
MA Candidate
Program in Maritime Studies
East Carolina University
Greenville, North Carolina

References

Cameron, Catherin M., Steve A. Tomka (editors)

1993 Abandonment of Settlements and Regions: Ethnoarchaeological and Archaeological Approaches Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England.

 

Christensen, Arne E.

1972 Scandinavian Ships from Earliest Times to the Vikings. In A History of Seafaring Based on Underwater Archaeology, George F. Bass, editor. Walker, New York.

1987 Guide to the Viking Ship Museum Universitetets Oldsaksamling, Oslo.

 1997a Gokstad Ship. In Encyclopedia of Underwater and Maritime Archaeology, James P. Delgado, editor, pp. 172-174. British Museum Press, London.

1997b Oseberg Ship. In Encyclopedia of Underwater and Maritime Archaeology, James P. Delgado, editor, pp. 302-303. British Museum Press, London.

Delgado, James P.

1979 No Longer a Buoyant Ship: Unearthing the Gold Rush Storeship Niantic. California History 63(4): 316-25.

1983 A Gold Rush Enterprise: Sam Ward, Charles Mersch, and the Storeship Niantic. Huntington Library Quarterly 46: 321-30.

1997 Encyclopedia of Underwater and Maritime Archaeology, editor, British Museum Press, London.

El-Baz, F.

1988 Finding a Pharaoh's Funeral Bark. In National Geographic 173(4): 513-33.

Evans, Angela C.

1997 Sutton Hoo. In Encyclopedia of Underwater and Maritime Archaeology, James P. Delgado, editor, pp. 411-413. British Museum Press, London.

Hall, B. Frank

Date unknown (early twentieth century) Old Days in Wilmington, The River Trade. B. Frank Hall Memoirs, The Archives and Library, Lower Cape Fear Historical Society, Wilmington, NC.

Hartzer, Ronald B.

1984 To Great and Useful Purpose. United States Army Corps of Engineers, Wilmington District, Wilmington, NC.

Hall, Wes

2004 Archaeological Remote Sensing and Diver Survey of Navigation Channel Improvement Areas, Wilmington Harbor Waterfront and Northeast Cape Fear River, North Carolina. Report to the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Wilmington District, from Mid-Atlantic Technology and Environmental Research, Inc., Castle Hayne, NC.

Hopkins, Fred

1995 The Final Anchorage: The WW1 Emergency Fleet Wrecks at Mallow's Bay. Underwater Archaeology Proceedings From the Society for Historical Archaeology Conference; Washington, D.C., 1995, Paul Forsythe Johnston, editor , pp.72-76. The Society for Historical Archaeology, Tucson.

Jackson III, Claude V.

1996a The Cape Fear-Northeast Cape Fear Rivers Comprehensive Study: A Maritime History and Survey of the Cape Fear and Northeast Cape Fear Rivers, Wilmington Harbor, North Carolina, Volume 1: Maritime History. Underwater Archaeology Unit, Kure Beach, NC.

1996b The Cape Fear-Northeast Cape Fear Rivers Comprehensive Study: A Maritime History and Survey of the Cape Fear and Northeast Cape Fear Rivers, Wilmington Harbor, North Carolina, Volume 2: Submerged Cultural Resource Survey. Underwater Archaeology Unit, Kure Beach, NC.

Jenkins, N.

1980 Boat Beneath the Pyramids Thames and Hudson Limited, New York

Johnson, F. Roy

1977 Riverboating in Lower Carolina. Johnson Publishing Company, Murfreesboro, NC.

Lawrence, Richard W.

1985 Underwater Archaeological Sites in the Wilmington Historic District. National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination Form, Item number 7, Addendum. Wilmington, North Carolina.

Lee, Lawrence

1971 New Hanover County: A Brief History. State Department of Archives and History, Raleigh, NC.

Marsden, Peter

1974 The County Hall Ship, London. The International Journal of Nautical Archaeology and Underwater Exploration 3(1): 55-65.

1994 Ships of the Port of London: First to Eleventh Centuries English Heritage, London.

Merrifield, Ralph

1983 London: City of the Romans. B T Batsford, London.

Randall, Duncan P.

1965 Geographic Factors in the Growth and Economy of Wilmington, North Carolina. Doctoral dissertation, Department of Geography, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC.

Reiss, Warren

1987 The Ship Beneath Manhattan. In History From Beneath the Sea: Shipwrecks and Archaeology, Peter Throckmorton, editor, pp.185-87. RD Press, Melbourne.

1997 Ronson Ship. In Encyclopedia of Underwater and Maritime Archaeology, James P. Delgado, editor, pp. 349-50. British Museum Press, London.

Richards, Nathan

1997 The History and Archaeology of the Garden Island Ships' Graveyard, North Arm of the Port Adelaide River, Port Adelaide, South Australia. Honors Thesis, Department of Archaeology, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia.

1998 Inferences From the Study of Iron and Steamship Abandonment: A Case Study From the Garden Island Ships' Graveyard, South Australia. The Bulletin of the Australian Institute for Maritime Archaeology 22: 75-80.

1999a Garden Island Ships' Graveyard: Maritime Heritage Trail. Heritage South Australia Newsletter 15: 14-15.

1999b The Garden Island Ships' Graveyard: Results and Findings of Archaeological Fieldwork 1996-1998. Proceedings of the National Archaeology Students Conference (NASC), 1998 1: 11-18.

2001 Ships Graveyard. In The Port River, Jane Marr and Cate Kelly, editors, p. 33. City of Port Adelaide Enfield: Port Adelaide, Australia.

2002 Deep Structures: An Examination of Deliberate Watercraft Abandonment in Australia. Doctoral dissertation, Department of Archaeology, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia.

Schiffer, Michael B.

1972 Archaeological Context and Systemic Context. American Antiquity 37: 156-65.

1996 Formation Processes of the Archaeological Record University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City.

Schiffer, M. B., T. E. Downing, and M. McCarthy.

1981 Waste Not, Want Not: An Ethnoarchaeological Study of Reuse in Tucson, Arizona. In Modern Material Culture: The Archaeology of Us, Richard A. Gould and Michael B. Schiffer, editors, pp. 67-86. Academic Press, New York, NY.

Shomette, Donald G.

1995 From Maritime Antiquarianism to Underwater Archaeology Along the Potomac Corridor, 1825-1994. Underwater Archaeology Proceedings From the Society for Historical Archaeology Conference; Washington, D.C., 1995, Paul Forsythe Johnston, editor , pp.64-71. The Society for Historical Archaeology, Tucson.

1996 Ghost Fleet of Mallows Bay: And Other Tales of the Lost Chesapeake Tidewater Publishers, Centreville, MD.

Sprunt, James

1896 Tales and Traditions of the Lower Cape Fear 1661-1896. LeGwin Brothers, Printers, Wilmington, NC. Reprinted 1973 by The Reprint Company, Spartanburg, SC.

1916 Chronicles of the Cape Fear River 1660-1916. Edwards and Broughton Printing Co., Raleigh, NC. Reprinted 1973 by The Reprint Company, Spartanburg, SC.

Triebe, Richard and Mark Wilde-Ramsing

1992 The Mystery of the Nuestra Señora de Regla: Underwater Archaeology in North Carolina. Prologue 24(1): 6-17.

The Water Resources Support Center

 

Watson, Alan D.

1992 Wilmington: Port of North Carolina. University of South Carolina Press, Columbia, SC.

 Watts Jr., Gordon P.

2002 Underwater Archaeological Data Recovery at Five Small Craft Sites on the Cape Fear and Northeast Cape Fear River at Wilmington, North Carolina. Report to the Environmental Resources Branch, U.S. Army Engineer District, Wilmington, from Tidewater Atlantic Research, Inc., Washington, NC.

Wilde-Ramsing, Mark.

Wilmington Chamber of Commerce

1914 The Gateway of Progress. Wilmington Chamber of Commerce, Wilmington, NC.

 

 

 

 

Tentative Bibliography:

 

Block, Susan Taylor

1998 Along the Cape Fear. Arcadia Publishing, Dover, New Hampshire.

 

Bruchey, Stuart

1988 The Wealth of the Nation: An Economic History of the United States. Harper & Row, Publishers, New York.

 

Colton, Joel and Stuart Bruchey (editors)

1987 Technology, the Economy, and Society: The American Experience. Columbia University Press, New York.

 

Delgado, James P.

1997 Hjortspring. In Encyclopedia of Underwater and Maritime Archaeology, James P. Delgado, editor, p. 193. British Museum Press, London.

 

1997 Niantic. In Encyclopedia of Underwater and Maritime Archaeology, James P. Delgado, editor, p. 297. British Museum Press, London.

 

1997 Nydam Boat. In Encyclopedia of Underwater and Maritime Archaeology, James P. Delgado, editor, pp. 300-301. British Museum Press, London.

 

Dixon, J.K., J.C. Baum, H.C. Wall, Robert Lassiter, H.V. Grant

1923 Additional Inlets on the North Carolina Coast. North Carolina Fisheries Commission Board, Morehead City, NC.

 

Hadley, Jr., Wade H.

1980 The Story of the Cape Fear and Deep River Navigation Company: 1849-1873. The Chatham County Historical Society, Siler City, NC.

 

Jones, Jr., Wilbur D.

2002 A Sentimental Journey Memoirs of a Wartime Boomtown. White Mane Books, Shippensburg, PA.

 

Moore, Louis T.

1956 Stories Old and New of the Cape Fear Region. Privately Printed, Wilmington, North Carolina

 

Ross, Malcolm

1966 The Cape Fear. Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, New York.